| What can the behavior analyst do to promote unscripted responses while training with scripts? | What are some considerations for script fading? |
|---|---|
script fading and prompt delay | omit last word |
Contrive situations | Ensuring that you are fading back prompts |
vary scripts | fade the last words of scripts |
Fade scripts | Start early in the training process, don't fade letters on paper, instead delete them |
Conduct model sessions | Implement prompt fading from the beginning. |
Give a few options on what to say for a variety of questions. | Making sure scripts generalize to settings and a variety of people. |
Use frames | - Fade by dropping the last word of each frame, and then continue doing so as they master each step in the fading process |
script fading | removing the last word |
Observe what the other adults at Cheryl's work are talking about. Practice with Cheryl on variations of those topics and use differential reinforcement for unscripted responses. | Begin fading early on in training and to systematically drop the last word at each script fading step. |
The Behavior Analyst may want to employ BST incorporating role-play with a variety of frames starting with the job coach. Provide greater magnitude of reinforcement for unscripted responses. | Systematically fade the scripts dropping the last letter or word. Incorporate novel topic frames into the role play with co-workers Cheryl is comfortable with. |
following | following |
Begin script fading. | Fade last word. Fade words verses boldness of text. Start script fading quickly. |
Using frames | Drop the final word |
Script fading, VR schedule | Start early |
Develop frames to respond to comments/questions from coworkers, or to initiate conversations that can be implemented after learning some basic scripts. | practice conversations with fading prompts in sessions, give reinforcement for natural and generalized responses, have others at home practice similar conversations with client |
Keep one variable consistent while proving a variety of opportunities to respond | Begin early |
fade the script | do it systematically |
Use text scripts then fade | Client can become prompt dependent |
Script fading | Methodology, differential reinforcement |
Prompts with visuals | fade the prompt |
A behavior analyst can focus on strategies that gradually reduce dependence on the script and encourage more natural, spontaneous responses. The analyst can fade the script gradually, they can use natural variability, and role playing and simulation, and reinforcement. | In the Wichnick-Gillis et al. (2019) article, the demonstration began script fading for each activity when at least 4 of the 5 scripts were emitted correctly once within a session. Scripts were systematically faded in 2-4 steps by dropping the last word in the phrase. For example, the 3-word scripts were faded in two steps as follows: Instructors advanced to the next fading step when the participant emitted a total of five initiations, scripted or unscripted (unscripted refers to contextually-relevant statements that differed from the scripts). |
Teach using multiple exemplars/across multiple individuals/topics | Using cue cards with topics |
cbcvb | vvv |
| What can the behavior analyst do to promote unscripted responses while training with scripts? | What are some considerations for script fading? |
